P0051 - Endoscopic Ultrasound an Excellent Tool for Diagnosis of Early Stages of Cholangiocarcinoma

Presenting Author(s)

• 

  Fray Martin Arroyo-Mercado, MD

  Internal Medicine Resident
  SUNY Downstate Medical Center
  Brooklyn, New York

Fray Martin M. Arroyo-Mercado, MD, Jude Noel, MD, Michelle Likhtshteyn, MD, Shivakumar Vignesh, MD

SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY

Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a biliary tract malignancy with a poor prognosis and 3-year survival rate of 95% [1]. Due to late onset of symptoms, patients often present with metastatic disease. Data suggest that endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is an excellent tool to diagnose cholangiocarcinoma with a sensitivity varying from 60 to 89 % [2, 3, 4, 5].

Case Description/Methods: Case 1 An 80-year-old man with a 3-week history of weight loss, jaundice, and generalized pruritus underwent both ultrasound and abdominopelvic CT scan which demonstrated dilatation of the intra and extrahepatic ducts and no masses. MR with MRCP revealed a common bile duct (CBD) measuring 18mm and a biliary stricture at the head of the pancreas; masses were not noted in the pancreas or bile duct. He subsequently underwent EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) that revealed a 9 x 6mm hypoechoic distal CBD lesion and normal pancreatic head; FNA cytology revealed adenocarcinoma consistent with biliary origin. Based on the EUS impression and cytology, the patient was diagnosed with T1N0M0 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Case 2: A 69-year-old male with history of weight loss, jaundice, and acholic stools was found to have several pancreatic cysts clustered together, 18 mm in conglomerate with a dilated CBD to 11 mm and no masses on MR of the abdomen. A subsequent EUS showed a normal pancreas, a 1 x 1.2 cm distal CBD lesion without evidence of invasion into the pancreatic head and a 1.2 cm peripancreatic lymph node with equivocal EUS features for malignancy. FNA cytology of lymph nodes was negative for malignancy. ERCP showed a distal CBD stricture of 2 cm suspicious for malignancy; brushings showed adenocarcinoma. EUS findings were consistent with T1N0M0 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Discussion: EUS-FNA is an established, minimally invasive diagnostic modality for pancreatico-biliary tumors with high sensitivity to diagnose tumors less than 3 cm [6]. EUS has demonstrated benefit in the diagnosis and staging of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, as compared to other modalities such as MRI [7]. While ERCP is primarily a therapeutic modality, it can also be used for diagnosis of CC via ERCP guided forceps biopsy, brush cytology or cholangioscopic biopsy [7]. Our cases highlights the utility of EUS in diagnosing early stage cholangiocarcinoma, while other imaging modalities are indeterminate. The second case also illustrates how ERCP guided brush cytology complements EUS imaging in the diagnosis of T1 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Disclosures:

Citation: Fray Martin M. Arroyo-Mercado, MD, Jude Noel, MD, Michelle Likhtshteyn, MD, Shivakumar Vignesh, MD. P0051 - ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND AN EXCELLENT TOOL FOR DIAGNOSIS OF EARLY STAGES OF CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA. Program No. P0051. ACG 2019 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. San Antonio, Texas: American College of Gastroenterology.