Oral Session

Dietary Bioactive Components

OR24-07-19 - Dietary Fruit and Vegetable Supplementation Suppresses Diet-induced Atherosclerosis in LDL Receptor Knockout Mice

Presenting Author(s)

• WG

  Weimin Guo, PhD

  Scientist III
  JM-USDA HNRCA at Tufts University

Co-Author(s)

• SK

  Sharon Kim, PhD

  Tufts University
• 

  Dayong Wu, M.D., Ph.D.

  JM USDA-HNRCA at Tufts University
• LL

  Lijun Li, BS

  Tufts University
• MT

  Michael Thomas, BS

  Tufts University
• 

  Simin Meydani, D.V.M, Ph.D.

  Tufts University
• MM

  Mohsen Meydani, PhD

  Tufts University

Objectives : Epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is inversely associated with incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the evidence for causality and underlying mechanisms is lacking. Our objective was to determine if increased consumption of F&V could prevent atherosclerosis and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods : A unique blend of the most commonly consumed 24 F&V was freeze-dried into a powder and mixed into diets. Thirty six 4-week old male LDL receptor knockout mice were randomly assigned to one of 3 diet groups (12/group): low fat (LF, 10 kcal% fat), high-fat (27 kcal% fat) with 0% F&V (HF), and HF plus 15% F&V diet (HF+FV, equivalent to 8-9 servings for humans). After 20 weeks, mice were euthanized and blood, aorta, and liver tissue were collected. Aortic atherosclerotic lesion, hepatic steatosis, plasma lipid profile and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were measured.

Results : No significant differences were found in body weight among the 3 groups. Mice fed HF diet had larger aortic atherosclerotic lesion and hepatic steatosis area than mice fed LF diet by 6.5 and 1.9 fold, respectively (p< 0.001). HF+FV group had 80% less aortic lesion and hepatic steatosis than HF group (p< 0.001). Mice fed HF diet had significantly higher plasma TG and LDL and lower HDL levels than mice fed LF diet, and this dyslipidemia was prevented by F&V supplementation. Further, HF+FV group had lower plasma TNFα levels compared to HF0 group (p< 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that aortic atherosclerotic lesion and hepatic steatosis area were negatively correlated with plasma HDL (p< 0.001) and significantly and positively correlated with TNFα, and the ratios of LDL/HDL, TG/HDL, and non HDL/HDL.

Conclusions : Our results demonstrate a causal role of high intake of F&V in preventing HF-induced atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis, which may be mediated through improved dyslipidemia and reduced inflammation.

Funding Sources : U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service