330 Views
N8. Clostridium difficile
Oral Abstract Submission
Anne J. Gonzales-Luna, PharmD
Post-Doctoral Fellow
University of Houston
Houston, TX
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Aditi Deshpande, MS
Graduate Student
Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center
Houston, TX
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Kierra M. Dotson, PharmD
Clinical Assistant Professor
Xavier University of Louisiana College of Pharmacy
New Orleans, LA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Chris Lancaster, MS
Research Lab Manager
University of Houston
Houston, TX
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Julian Hurdle, PhD
Associate Professor
Texas A&M Health Science Center
Houston, TX
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Kevin W. Garey, MS;PharmD
Professor and Chair
University of Houston College of Pharmacy
Houston, Texas
Disclosure: Merck & Co.: Consultant, Research Grant or Support
Background :
Current guidelines suggest limiting metronidazole (MTZ) use due to increased treatment failures in patients with Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). We hypothesized an increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MTZ to C. difficile may contribute to these poor response rates. The objective of this study was to examine clinical response rates in patients with CDI based on MTZ MIC and stratified by receipt of MTZ treatment.
Methods :
C. difficile-positive stool samples collected from 2017-18 as part of routine care at two hospital systems in Houston, Texas were collected for MIC determination at 24 h to MTZ by broth microdilution following incorporation of 5 mg/L of hemin. The primary outcome was initial clinical success by day 7 of treatment in those with MICs ≥ 1 versus < 1. Results were stratified based on receipt of MTZ within 48 hrs of diagnosis. Study objectives were tested using Chi-square and multivariable logistic regression analyses.
Results :
A total of 235 C. difficile samples were included, of which 73 (31%) had a MTZ MIC ≥ 1. Overall, 72% received MTZ within the first 48 hrs. Clinical success rates differed based on disease severity (77% in non-severe, 64% in severe/fulminant; P = 0.03) and infecting ribotype (52% in RT 027, 75% in non-RT 027; P = 0.014). In patients with MTZ receipt, clinical success rates were higher in patients infected with strains with an MTZ MIC < 1 (76%) compared to those with an MIC ≥ 1 (60%; P = 0.031). The difference in initial clinical success was not different in those that did not receive MTZ (78% for MIC < 1 vs. 65% for MIC ≥ 1, P = 0.28). After controlling for disease severity, treatment failure was higher in patients infected with strains with an MTZ MIC ≥ 1 and treated with MTZ (OR 2.1; 95% CI, 1.01-4.35; P = 0.048) but not for those with an MIC ≥ 1 treated with other therapies (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 0.62-5.6; P = 0.27).
Conclusion :
This study provides the first preliminary evidence of an association between reduced metronidazole susceptibility and decreased clinical success rates. Larger studies are warranted to validate these findings.