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O: Public Health
Abstract Submission
Sara S. Kim, MPH
Project Coordinator
ORISE; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Ivo Foppa, ScD
Sr. Research Scientist
Battelle; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Jessie R. Chung, MPH
Epidemiologist
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Edward Belongia, MD
Director, Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Population Health
Marshfield Clinic Research Institute
Marshfield, WI
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Huong McLean, PhD, MPH
Research Scientist
Marshfield Clinic Research Institute
Marshfield, WI
Disclosure: Seqirus Inc: Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support
Arnold Monto, MD
Professor of Epidemiology, Global Public Health; Thomas Francis, Jr. Collegiate Professor of Public Health
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI
Disclosure: Sanofi Pasteur: Other Financial or Material Support
Seqirus: Other Financial or Material Support
Joshua G. Petrie, PhD, MPH
Research Investigator
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Richard K. Zimmerman, MA;MD;MPH;MS
Dr
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, PA
Disclosure: Sanofi Pasteur: Grant/Research Support
Mary Patricia Nowalk, PhD
Investigator
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, PA
Disclosure: Merck & Co., Inc.: Grant/Research Support
Pfizer, Inc.: Grant/Research Support
Manjusha Gaglani, MBBS
Director, Center for Research in Vaccines and Infections (CRVI); Josephine Ballard Endowed Research Chair and Professor of Pediatrics; Chief, Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Baylor Scott & White Health
Temple, TX
Disclosure: Janssen (Johnson & Johnson): Other Financial or Material Support
Medimmune/AstraZeneca: Other Financial or Material Support
Kempapura Murthy, MBBS, MPH
Research SAS Programmer
Baylor Scott & White Health
Temple, TX
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Michael L. Jackson, PhD
Associate Scientific Investigator
Kaiser Permanente Washington
Seattle, WA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Brendan Flannery, PhD
US Flu VE Network PI at CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Manish Patel, MD
Medical Officer
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, Georgia
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose
Background : Current season vaccine effectiveness (VE) and influenza risk may vary in persons based on vaccination history. United States Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness (US Flu VE) Network studies have explored prior vaccination effects using a single referent group of patients unvaccinated in both the prior and current seasons. We investigated vaccine benefit among those with and without prior season vaccination.
Methods : Our analysis included data from the US Flu VE Network among patients aged ≥9 years old with acute respiratory illness during 6 influenza seasons, 2012-13 through 2017-18. We determined current and prior season vaccination status from documented immunizations. Current season VE against laboratory confirmed influenza was estimated using multivariate logistic regression with an interaction term for prior and current season vaccination. Models were adjusted for age, calendar time, high-risk status, and site.
Results : Of 31,819 patients included in the analysis over 6 seasons, 9188 were influenza positive by RT-PCR. Percent flu positivity was greatest among those unvaccinated (34%), followed by those vaccinated in the prior season only (29%), those vaccinated in both seasons (25%), and those vaccinated in the current season only (23%). Among patients with prior season vaccination, current season VE against any influenza was 14% (95%CL: 5, 22) and against A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and B was 10% (95%CL: 3, 17), 36% (95%CL: 25, 46), and 40% (95%CL: 33, 46), respectively. Among patients unvaccinated in the prior season, VE was 42% (95%CL: 37, 46) against any influenza in the current season and was 31% (95%CL: 22, 39), 57% (95%CL: 47, 65), and 55% (95%CL: 48, 61) against A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09, and B, respectively. We observed significant interaction of prior season vaccination on current season VE in 4 of 6 seasons (p < 0.20).
Conclusion : Current season vaccination was overall protective regardless of vaccination history. Among those vaccinated in the prior season, current season vaccination may provide some benefit in addition to residual protection from previous vaccination.